FORM 2-PHYSICS-TOPIC 6-MOTION IN STRAIGHT LINE
Motion is the change of position of an object from one place to another. There are two types of motions; i.Circular motion-Is the motion of an object in a circle. Examples; a/. motion of the electron around the nucleus of an atom b/.revolutionary movement of the earth around the sun. ii.Linear motion-Is the motion of an object in a straight line.
Distance and Displacement
Speed and Velocity
Difference between Speed and Velocity
Distinguish between Speed and Velocity
Speed
Speed is the distance moved by an object in a unit time or is the rate of change of distance . It is a scalar quantity.
Velocity
Velocity is the displacement moved by an object per unit time or is the rate of change of displacement. It is a vector quantity and its symbol is U or V.
Formula for speed and velocity
Speed(velocity) = Distance/displacement x time taken
X = Vt
Note:36km/h = 10m/s
Differences between speed and velocity
| Speed | Velocity |
| Is the rate of change of distance | Is the rate of change of displacement |
| It is a scalar quantity | Is a vector quantity |
The SI Unit of Speed and Velocity
State the SI unit of Speed and Velocity
The SI unit of speed and velocity is meter per second (m/s). Other units are Km/h or cm/s
The Average Velocity of a Body
Determine average velocity of a body
Types of velocity
- Initial velocity, U – Is the velocity of a body at the start of observation
- Final velocity, V – is the velocity of a body at the end of observation
- Average velocity –is the average or mean between initial and final velocity or is the ratio of the total displacement to the total time.
- Uniform or constant velocity Is the one whereby the rate of change of displacement with time is constant.
- Absolute velocity is the actual velocity of a moving object recorded by a stationary observer
- Relative velocity is the velocity of a moving object recorded by a moving observer .
- Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of a moving object recorded at any time.
